The article analyzes the legal nature of unemployment benefits, defines the purpose of its provision, as well as analyzes some problems of legal regulation and develops scientific and practical recommendations on improving the aforementioned assistance in the context of modernizing the national system of social protection of the population.

It is determined that the European vector of effective modernization of the socio-economic sphere necessitates the principles formation of implementation of the state social policy and state employment policy, in particular the implementation of appropriate conditions for the jobs provision for population.

The state, as the main subject of the social policy implementation, in particular in terms of employment, has undertaken to create conditions for the exercise of citizens’ right to work. The study of the existing legal framework in the field of legislative regulation of unemployment benefits, as well as the its implementation practice, shows that an effective system of providing unemployment benefits has not been formed to this day.

The unemployment benefit is proposed to be understood as the form of material (monetary) support in the system of compulsory state social insurance of citizens who, by certain objective circumstances, suffered from such social risk as unemployment and could not exercise their constitutional right to work. The main purpose of unemployment benefit payment should be the temporary compensation of the lost income to citizens who have acquired the legal status of the unemployed in order to support and meet their vital and social needs and interests.

The revision expediency of the terms of unemployment benefit payment has been substantiated in terms of increasing their duration to recipients who live in rural areas and have children under the age of 18.

Key words: unemployment benefit, unemployed, unemployment, social protection, social benefits, social rights, the right to work.

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